However, 2 additional cases of bilateral ohm (not

SPIN Previously reported as individual case histories and small series . With the exception of one report

most cases describe neonates submission in the first few days of life with invasive diseases, particularly pneumonia and sepsis

, and is often accompanied by leukopenia. These cases were associated with LBW, preterm delivery and obstetric complications. mortality ranged from 20% to 60%. BЂ "Unlike most previously published reports, only three infants in this series are presented in the first 3 days of life, the risk factors of early >> << beginning of sepsis infants present in 2 of them. a child known risk factors, and none of these >> << 3 newborns with early onset presentation died. middle-aged (b ± SD) for the submission of all cases of invasive disease and SPIN

in the third week of life, 18. 1 day (8. 2) and 17. 8 days (9. 2), respectively, and only 1 of the children in this series.

was LBW in this study population , 8 (38%) of 21 infants who presented with invasive disease meningitis and 38%

primary bacteremia Pneumonia is an overview 4. children presented bacteremia pneumonia, and 4 newborns

with meningitis were associated pneumonia leukopenia and / or neutropenia was present in 30% of infants with invasive SPIN, ..

low white blood cells do not predict adverse outcome presentation of isolated OM occurred in 27. 6% of children in this series. Preliminary data from 1970 support the conclusion about

S pneumonia as a common pathogen in OM in infants.,

As in this report, other studies observed that young children with isolated pneumococcal OM were full term and often held bilateral

the disease. In the study Turner et al

70% of children were fever, and none of them related serious bacterial infection caused by pneumonia

S. In this report, only 1 of 8 infants with isolated OM had fever. However, 2 additional cases of bilateral OM (not culture proven

S pneumonia) were associated with concomitant pneumonia meningitis S in febrile infants. serogroup distribution of isolates of S recovered from pneumonia and neonatal nonneonates comparison (Fig. ..) In our study 75% SPIN and 86% nonneonatal infections were caused by serogroup currently licensed PCV-7 (data not shown

). When only invasive infection were examined in newborns, 26. 3% (5 of 19) were caused by nonvaccine serogroup

1, 3, 5 and 12, while the same serogroup represented only 6% of invasive disease in all children (

P =. 005). Some previous studies in United States and Europe have also shown that much of the

neonatal disease may be caused by nonvaccine serogroups. BЂ "These serogroups are rarely seen to cause invasive disease in infants in the United States and Europe, although they are

more serogroup causing disease in older children and adults.,,

Interestingly, they are important causes of disease in children in Asia, Africa and Latin America. These serogroups that can be purchased in the United States by parents and adult educators of children.

No newborns were infected with serogroup 23, the fourth most common serogroup (11%) infected nonneonates during this study period, and

unusual children B ‰ ¤ 2 years

(data not presented). neonatal isolates, likely to be susceptible than penicillin allocated in nonneonates (21 against 4% 33 8% sensitive ..) This difference was most pronounced when comparing the middle ear isolates (25% vs. 51% sensitive, Fig

)., although none of these differences reached statistical significance, probably due to small sample size newborn group >>. << pneumococcus is not considered normal flora of the vagina. However, pneumococcal pelvic infections, as known to account for women

related to pneumonia, surgery, foreign bodies, and labor.,

, and can lead to morbidity and mortality of mother and newborn child.,,

BЂ "In review of the West, etc.

7 (30. 4%) of 23 mothers of children with early onset (5 days) of invasive pneumococcal disease with clinical signs of infection

5 endometritis and 2 with meningitis. Several studies have shown genital colonization S pneumonia be extremely rare (B ‰ ¤ 0. 03%).,

Several authors noted earlier, the overall rarity of genital tract colonization with pneumonia

S offers high invasion colonization rate for babies this organism. So These authors suggest that serious attention >> << give birth or prevention strattera prescription strategies similar to those used with GBS disease for newborns born

women with positive cultures

S pneumonia.

It should be noted that some researchers doubt early onset SPIN may be more serious in children, especially

in developing countries.,,

neonates in this series showed signs of early or or late-onset sepsis, as described for Further

neonatal pathogens. Most infants reported here are presented in the second or third week of life invasive disease

such as meningitis, bacteremia, and pneumonia, and no obvious perinatal factors risk. In addition, bilateral OM

with perforation was common. source purchase of pneumococci in these children is not clear. Our data demonstrate the role >> << maternal vertical transmission present as early invasive disease and horizontal transmission from siblings or maybe >> << adults in close contact, leading to local disease (BB) and invasive disease from nonvaccine serogroups.